3.14 - Chromosomes

- 1.

- chromosomes - genetic information within a cell 

- in the nucleus - number of chromosomes. 

- chromosomes - composed of DNA (double helix shape) 

- Sections of the DNA are Genes, poissibly 1000s of genes 

- genes carries information for the construction of a protein 

- protein --> characteristic of the gene. e.g. blood

2. 

- different organisms have different number of chromosomes 

Cat has 38, Chicken has 78, Chimpanze has 42 and humans have 46 

chromosomes per cell 

3. 

- chromosomes operate in pairs - homologus pairs

- homologus nature depends on the length of the chromosomes 

- position pointed out is the Gene Loci. on both homologus pairs the gene is the same at this point 

- 1 version on each so in total 2 versions of each gene for one characteristics. They are called Alleles 

Question: Why do we all have different chromosomes/genes?